DTD is one of ways to define the structure of XML documents, i. The DTD must also capture all the primary key and foreign key constraints". DTD 可被成行地声明于 XML 文档中，也可作为一个外部引用。. You shouldn't need all. 私が作成した文書ですがXML文書ですがXML自体は整形式であり妥当性はありますがDTDエラーを吐きます。. You just need to reference the parameter entities. Như vậy mình đã giới thiệu thêm 1 khái niệm mới trong XML. Also give the DTD or XML Schema for this representation. The rest of the characters must be numbers, letters ':', '_', '-', or. Modified 7 years, 3 months ago. The DTD specification file can be used to validate documents. There are multiple XML declarations. The DTD used by a XML document is declared after the. The DTD consist of the following:. dtd in the current working directory, you can simply run: from lxml import etree parser = etree. Study CGS Final flashcards. <!ELEMENT Description (#PCDATA|Courseref)* > However, I want to enforce a more. You have no attribute declared in your DTD. A DTD can be declared inside an XML document as inline or as an external recommendation. dtd">1. For example, the document shown above could contain the following <!DOCTYPE> tag:. For each element of the name-of-document-type, its definition in the DTD will appear as: <!ELEMENT name-of-element ( list-of-elements or data definition) > The list-of-elements names the elements (i. jaxbdemo. <!DOCTYPE bookstore [ <!ELEMENT bookstore (name,topic+)> <!ELEMENT. xml? 0. To get your XML to validate as-is,. I'm trying to validate following . DTD stands for Document Type Definition. Dans une DTD, PCDATA et CDATA sont utilisés pour affirmer quelque chose sur le contenu autorisé contenu autorisé des éléments et des attributs, respectivement. An object-relational mapping is performed in two steps. DTD is a document-type definition. Note: "PCDATA" in the declarations is short for "Parsed Character DATA". 1 Answer. Difference between PCDATA and CDATA in DTD. There are four kinds of declarations in XML: element type declarations. DTD example: <!ATTLIST payment type CDATA "check">. To declare the syntax of an element in a DTD, we use the <!ELEMENT> element like this: <!ELEMENT name content_model>. Teams. ) In an attribute's declaration, CDATA is one sort of constraint you can put. Declaring Elements In a DTD, XML elements are declared with the following. It declares element types named isopackager, MsgType, isofield, and isofieldpackager; the last does not appear in your XML. W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Thus we declared the external DTD file in the xml file. The attributes and relationship of these elements are defined in a Document Type Definition (DTD). xml) is displaying errors. 0"?> <!DOCTYPE name-of-document-type [ . XML example: <payment type="check" />. e. A DTD is text-based. Name - unique name of the document to describe the DTD. 6. Software Engineering Observation B. dtd file, declare the following elements: The dvdlibrary element, containing one or more dvd elements. An XML Document Type Definition is a formal expression (in XML) of the structural constraints for a class of XML documents. parse(%{<!ELEMENT rubycookbook (recipe+)> <!E. In general, you can use these entity references anywhere. The opposite is true for XML Schema, which are verbose, but also make use. The following elements should be #PCDATA instead of EMPTY: name, title, address, d_o_birth, d_o_join, resi, mobile, desig and dept. In my XML document I get: An element type is required in the declaration of element type "viewer_rating". Understanding DTDs. You just need to read the files and report the exceptions, if any. Here is an example DTD element declaration that declares the CREDIT-CARD element may contain either text or other elements:. Parameter entities can appear in. dtd Document Type Definition for the HyperText Markup Language (HTML DTD) $Id: html. Share. dtd files. 元素声明使用下面的语法： <!ELEMENT element-name. You need to declare a as a mixed content model. but that is saying name contains mixed content (both character data and child elements). In order to generate the XSD file properly, use the following procedure: Create all the required Java Beans. They're both declared as the attribute type ID like they should be. Each of the pcdata indexes (PCDATA $1, PCDATA $2, and so. A DTD is identified with the DOCTYPE declaration, which follows the XML declaration and precedes document elements. SML covers five major elements: part, process, measurement conditions, data file, and analysis data. ELEMENT is element declarations, PCDATA is the parsed character data which are parsed by the XML parsers. > characters are allowed in attribute values. c) xsl file. There are five built-in entities that play their role in well-formed XML, they are −. " A DTD defines the tags and attributes used in an XML or HTML document. A DTD defines the structure and the legal elements and attributes of an XML document. DTD: Stands for "Document Type Definition. If any validation errors occur, the validating reader generates a validation event. (Avec les exceptions mentionnées ci-dessous. When any XML file refers DTD file, it validates against those rules. mzjn. Les attributs, eux, peuvent être restreints à différents types, mais le type CDATA veut dire "pas de restriction. unstructured data • Relational databases are highly structured • All data resides in tables • You must define schema before entering any data DTD starts with <!DOCTYPE delimiter. 0. July 8, 1998. dtd" [<!ELEMENT myElement ( #PCDATA )>]> contains declarations from the myDTD. It should be: <!ELEMENT field EMPTY>. Attributes: provide extra information about the element. You also can't put the XML in the internal subset of the prolog (between [ and ]). dtd"> :) – Néstor Carreño Gimeno. If the DTD is pointing to external path, it is called external subset. You can refer to other elements in an attribute. : • Book: chapters, sections, titles, paragraphs, references, index, etc. Xml Dtd Xml Problem Overview What is the difference between #PCDATA and #CDATA in DTD? Xml Solutions Solution 1 - Xml PCDATA is text that will be parsed by a parser. The XML representation of data using attributes is shown in Figure. Here is a SAX parser example you can rely upon. In order for an XML document that references this DTD to be valid, it must be laid out in the same order, and. dtd files. (#PCDATA) and children elements. A DTD Element with EMPTY and PCDATA. , a developer of industrial stength SGML authoring and publishing tools, though we need to say that the words here are his. Given below are my note. DTD:Table A-15 Statistics Request DTD Elements. The second and third cases amount to the distinction between XML attributes vs XML elements, which has already been answered extensively in the linked question. However, you can use a parameter entity to reuse the bulk of it. 当使用外部dtd时，此时的dtd是作为一个后缀名为. The following sender-element could be part of an XML-document:New search experience powered by AI. (#PCDATA): historically meaning parsed character data, this means that only one text. XML DTD • PCDATA is text that will be parsed by a parser. ampersand: &. <!DOCTYPE Name SYSTEM "Couple. The following describes how a DTD defines a document type. This is a description of the content for a family of XML files. All information should be represented using elements rather than attributes. 1 Answer. These elements are followed by the. DTD 可被成行地声明于 XML 文档中，也可作为一个外部引用。. non-inertial frames Do all artificial satellites have engines?. XML was designed such that pernicious mixed content couldn't occur. see element declarations at w3. You can't specify how many times an element can occur in a mixed content declaration. 0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE PERSON [ <!ELEMENT lista_plac_dokument (autor, informacje_o_dokumencie. 23. This Use Case illustrates this requirement by means of a flexible document type named Book. You probably need to remove the parentheses from around " (EMPTY)". XML DTD Validator. Place #PCDATA in DTD mixed Content. So I don't know any automated way of creating the model from a XML. Here it is Strongly typed as the data declared here is accurate. Teams. <!ELEMENT value (#PCDATA)> Entitlement values are untyped strings. 0. NOTE: When you first submit the XML, be sure that you don't have "Validate against external XML schema" selected! DTD and Schema are two different things. Purpose of DTD. DTD: <!ELEMENT employee (name, * )> <!ELEMENT blank id blank #PCDATA > <!ELEMENT blank (#PCDATA )> <!ELEMENT department (#PCDATA )>!ELEMENT PCDATA #FIXED * #PCDATA ELEMENT element !ATTLIST CDATA department employee #CDATA #REQUIRED name. <!ELEMENT FirstNm (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT LastNm (#PCDATA)> ]> For each of the query pairs in (a)–(e), decide if the XPath and XQuery expressions are equivalent (i. TYPES OF DTD • Internal DTD: DTD can be embedded into XML document • External DTD: DTD can be in a separate file . p can contain either #PCDATA or another element (img). Dans le modèle de contenu d'un élément d'un élément, #PCDATA indique que l'élément contient (peut contenir) "tout texte ancien". Außer #PCDATA steht in einer DTD kein weiterer Datentyp für einfache Elemente zur Verfügung. The syntax for this rule is quite specific. ! ELEMENT element-name category. • XML was designed to store and transport data. e. Is there a way to ensure that when the xml is validated, that every tag has some text in it through the DTD? Or does that need to be done at the application. When you have mixed content, you can't specify the order of #PCDATA and the child elements using ,. . While this code may solve the question, including an explanation of how and why this solves the problem would really help to improve the quality of your post, and probably result in more up-votes. DTD IDREF. Svaki korisnik tog XML. It uses fundamental and primitive data types. What is the right formatting of DTD when an Element can both contain PCDATA and an other ELEMENT. !DOCTYPE note defines that the root element of this document is note. Abstract XML documents are semi-structured and the structure of the documents is embedded in the tags. A DTD is a set of rules that constitute a grammar (also called schema) that defines the so-called XML application also called XML vocabular. DTDs can be given internally using the following syntax: <!DOCTYPE document_element [ internal_subset_declarations ] > For example: <!DOCTYPE messageNote that the elements must be declared in the DTD. An. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question. <!--===== Special DTD Notation: * = 0 or more occurrences (optional element and repeatable) ? = 0 or 1 occurrences (optional element at most 1) + = 1 or more occurrences (required element and repeatable) | = choice, one or the other but not both Note: * MMO stands for MetaMap Machine Output. dtd. newInstance (); dbf. xml below the xml declaration statement as shown below: <!DOCTYPE movies SYSTEM “movies. <mail> • Document instance (representative of the document class) • XML declaration informs the XML prosessing system about the version and the character set. Q&A for work. Consider the following snippet - DTD <!DOCTYPE hotels_list [ <!ELEMENT hotels_list ( hotel+ ) > <!ELEMENT hotel ( id, name, stars, Facilities, Address, distance_from. < and & however, are not allowed unless escaped. For example, if the value in this field is request. True. Syntactically, a DTD is a sequence of declarations. ). Viewed 645 times. This Use Case illustrates this requirement by means of a flexible document type named Book. So gibt es beispielsweise keine Möglichkeit festzulegen, dass ein Elementinhalt nur aus Ziffern bestehen darf oder einem Datumsformat entsprechen muss. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java,. (#PCDATA|i|b|math)* •But DTD only allows one title declaration! •Workaround: rename as book-title and section-title?The document type (DOCTYPE) declaration consists of an internal, or references an external Document Type Definition (DTD). Problems preventing your XML document from being well-formed, including: There internal DTD subset syntax is not constructed properly. Response error: Error: '>' is an unexpected token. . For HTML / XHTML, the value is specified by the DTD. Share. . edit: if you want to maintain the parsed character data in the td element along with the new tags, you can define a mixed content element. When you are experimenting with XML, or when you are working with small XML files, creating DTDs may be a waste of time. Here is an example of XML validation that uses Java: XML Validation. Any help would be appreciated. 0. I am validating a XML file with external DTD using XMLStarlet from Cygwin. What is the best way to check whether the DTD is properly created or not? Is there any way in c# to dynamically generate the DTD? I have explicitly created a. <mail> • Document instance (representative of the document class) • XML declaration informs the XML prosessing system about the version and the character set. The only allowed form for elements with mixed content is (#PCDATA | A | B | C)* where A, B and C are possible child elements. PCDATA: (Parsed Character Data): XML parsers are used to parse all the text in an XML document. Hot Network Questions Can you bake multiple rigid body simulations in a single file? A colleague ignored my request for a favor. , tags) and specifies the element requirements by following the ELEMENT name with either: 1 Answer. In this case the possible child is an element named EMPTY. Converting an SGML DTD to XML. The rules. External DTD. Document Type Definition They have a file extension . In a Document Type Definition (DTD) an attributes type can be set to be IDREF. Otherwise, your software might stop working because of validation errors. PCDATA in this context means mixed content, elements may contain character data,. For the following questions, use the DTD document above a. 内部的 DOCTYPE 声明 假如 DTD 被包含在您的 XML 源文件中，它应当通过下面的语法包装在一个. Sintaxe. This means that you are going to have to use something other than DTD to enforce that name contains #PCDATA or one first_name. dtd,v 1. How should I respond?. エラーは「A string literal was expcted, but no opining quote character was found」と出ています。. For example, the file xhtml1-transitional. It is used to define document structure with a list of legal elements and attributes. Add a comment at the top of the DTD file with a description of the file, your name, date, and the filename. Hello fisrt time posting. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. A DTD Element with EMPTY and PCDATA. Your DTD becomes <!ELEMENT H ((#PCDATA|L)*)+> when the entity is expanded. 0 specification page, formally defines the grammar for the XHTML 1 web markup. tdjfdjdj tdjfdjdj. That is, a DTD element with a value of (#PCDATA) will map to an XML schema element with an XML schema primitive type string. Element contents that have #PCDATA are said to be mixed content. Remember some of the differences between XML and SGML: XML is case-sensitive. View XML + DTD Validator. Write an XML DTD for representing information about students on an IT programme. XML parser examines the data and ensures that it doesn't contain entity. It is officially recommended by the. Apr 23, 2013 at 12:25. Place #PCDATA in DTD mixed Content. You can also use normal text within the XML document, such as in element contents and attribute values. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. The DTD used by a XML document is declared after the prolog. xml) it says it is valid however the other page (catalogue. dtd <!ELEMENT people (person+)> <!ELEMENT person (name|age|subject+|#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT age (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT subject (#PCDATA)> <!ATTLIST person dni CDATA #REQUIRED> I have tried almost every combination for this line. For example, if the value in this field is request. Answers: c ATTLIST declaractions are merged by using the first declared attribute and adding any additional attributes declared in later ATTLIST declarations. We can only define an element as text, and with this limitation, it. dtd available at through the XHTML 1. It's not possible in XML. as children: <!ELEMENT string (#PCDATA) > <!ELEMENT classParams (string | (pluginid, bla, tag)) >. Started on Monday, 19 December 2022, 6:22 PM State Finished Completed on Monday, 19 December 2022, 6:32 PM Time taken 10 mins 2 secs Marks 50/50. Before the DTD gets any bigger, let's go ahead and move it out to its own document, as we did with the style sheets. I want to have an element titled "Description", which may have any inter-leaved sequence of a BookRef and PCDATA. If only #PCDATA is specified, any text (but only text) can be included in the declared. Here's a start for you, it will parse the data into a ParseResults data structure, which you can then walk and create a parser for the defined doctype: from pyparsing import * LT,GT,EXCLAM,LBRACK,RBRACK,LPAR,RPAR = map (Suppress,"<>!Here's an updated DTD that works with your XML as-is. Tarzan. DTDs define the structure of a class of documents through element and attribute-list declarations. DTD has validated elements and attributes that are defined inside the DTD document. – Invert_Tails Feb 26, 2016 at 3:19Document type Definition (DTD): specifies the rules (structure) of the XML document, like which tags to use and what attributes these tags can contain and which tags can occur inside other tags. In an element's content model, #PCDATA says that the element contains (may contain) "any old text. DTD - 元素 在一个 DTD 中，元素通过元素声明来进行声明。. XML and DTD: The content of element type must match 4 The markup declarations contained or pointed to by the document type declaration must be well-formedBoth cases do work after you add some spaces: The first one can be: <!DOCTYPE stylesheet [ <!ELEMENT books (book+)> <!ELEMENT book (title,subtitle,info,author. The root is chapters and under root I have two main elements chapter1 and chapter2 and under each I have sub-elements. DTD helps parsers validate documents. #PCDATA must come first in the mixed content declaration. It can be internal, part of your XML file, or external, in a stand-alone text file. It allows the user to define tags that serve as attributes for the data. Document Type Definition (DTD) •A DTD is optional •A DTD specifies a grammar for the document •Constraints on structures and values of elements, attributes, etc. Declaring Elements In a DTD, XML elements are declared with the following syntax: <!ELEMENT element-name category> or <!ELEMENT element-name (element-content)> Empty Elements Empty elements are declared with the category keyword EMPTY: DTD PCDATA In a Document Type Definition (DTD) an element can contain #PCDATA. You would need to put the DTD on a web server so that it can be referred to by URL, or. Element contents that contain only elements are said to be element content. child1, child2. In a DTD, the type of an attribute that contains text must be CDATA. An element tells the parser to parse the document from the specified root element. Who are the experts? Experts are tested. A DTD defines the valid building blocks of an XML document. This mixed content model restriction ensures that it can't happen. In a DTD, PCDATA and CDATA are used to assert something about the allowable content of elements and attributes, respectively. 0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE PERSON [ <!ELEMENT lista_plac_dokument (autor, informacje_o_dokumencie. getClassLoader (). In a Document Type Definition (DTD) an attributes type can be set to be CDATA. PCDATA stands for Parsed Character data. Using these Java classes, you can populate your data structure (your listOfPoints ). dtd, as referenced in ch06-wonders. That's one of the major limitations of DTD: a given element name always has the same content model. Consider the following snippet - DTD <!DOCTYPE hotels_list [ <!ELEMENT hotels_list ( hotel+ ) > <!ELEMENT hotel ( id, name, stars, Facilities, Address, distance_from. Java Code: This method takes 2 parameters one xml message and another one dtd details. Document type definition (DTD) refers to a set of markup declarations that define a document type for Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) languages. DTD stands for document definition. This is supported by the production in that section. The critical difference between DTDs and XML Schema is that XML Schema utilize an XML-based syntax, whereas DTDs have a unique syntax held over from SGML DTDs. An element can have any number of unique attributes. For instance, we can validate laptop. The section you cite says that mixed content may contain character data, optionally interspersed with child elements. Either way, the DTD specifies what we should expect in the XML. For the elements such as departing which will not have any content, but instead use attributes, we could use the EMPTY keyword in place of #PCDATA. Difference between PCDATA and CDATA in DTD. 0. PCDATA in this context means mixed content, elements may contain character data, optionally interspersed with child elements. 900; asked Nov 14, 2016 at 17:36Unfortunately, a tag name can't begin with a number. The #PCDATA has to be the first item in the first choice, and the choice has to have 0-n occurrences. DTD - 元素 在一个 DTD 中，元素通过元素声明来进行声明。. But you haven't escaped the second. Specify the valid tag sequence/arrangements. Dans le modèle de contenu d'un élément d'un élément, #PCDATA indique que l'élément contient (peut contenir) "tout texte ancien". I want to define a dtd for my xml document. Tags inside the text will NOT be treated as markup and entities will not be expanded. XML does not require a DTD. #PCDATA means parsed character data. You cannot use any element names other than those in this set. xml (do a view-source, line 3) Where to put the DTD file. Attribute gives more information about an element or more precisely it defines a property of an element. I don't know exactly what you meant by send/receive, but apparently you will need to validate the XML file against the DTD on the server side (if there is a server involved). In this syntax, name is the name of the element we're declaring and content_model is the content model of the element. The Building Blocks of XML Documents Seen from a DTD point of view, all XML documents are made up by the following building blocks: Elements Attributes Entities PCDATA CDATA Elements DTD - Elements Previous Next In a DTD, elements are declared with an ELEMENT declaration. In this case it looks like this: <!ELEMENT recipes (recipe+)> <!ELEMENT recipe (difficulty, people, procedure, ingredients)> <!ELEMENT difficulty (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT people (#PCDATA)>. , the document’s metadata. The XmlValidatingReader object has a ValidationType property, which indicates the type of validation required (DTD, XDR, or Schema). <!ELEMENT query-app (query-xml, result-set)>. List <String > valueList = new ArrayList<> (); is not allowed as PCDATA content, because it contains an unescaped left angle bracket. XML DTD Validator. U zaglavlju XML dokumenta navodi se oznaka DTDa prema pravilima kojeg je dokument formatiran. type parameter entity with the value "#PCDATA" that gets used in a quantity element's content model gets converted to an RNG named pattern with the same name. 1 Answer. However, I believe both errors are coming from my DTD document. You don’t need to do anything with the elements and attributes under this heading. It means character data in which all potential delimiters will be recognized, including. XML - DTDs. This is supported by the production in that section. To validate an XML document, you need an XML validator. <!ELEMENT Description (#PCDATA|Courseref)* > However, I want to enforce a more strict constraint. )In my DTD document I get the error: The markup in the document preceding the root element must be well-formed. The following is an example of a DTD used for defining an automobile:1 Answer. Since your name element is mixed content (both child elements or #PCDATA), you're going to have to change your element declaration to this: <!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA|first_name|last_name)*>. XML • XML stands for EXtensible Markup Language. 现在开始学习DTD! DTD 新闻实例 <!DOCTYPE NEWSPAPER [ <!ELEMENT NEWSPAPER (ARTICLE+)> <!ELEMENT ARTICLE (HEADLINE,BYLINE,LEAD,. The DTDs can be given in external files and/or internally to the document. e. PCDATA 的意思是被解析的字符数据（parsed character data）。 可把字符数据想象为 XML 元素的开始标签与结束标签之间的文本。 PCDATA 是会被解析器解析的文本。这些文本将被解析器检查实体以及标记。 文本中的标签会被当作标记来处理，而实体会被展. About all you can do is give up on full validation for that particular element, and allow all possible contents: <!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA|lastname|firstname)*>. xml". If you wanted to allow more than one "helper", you could use IDREFS: The element could look like this (or it could be the same as above; as long as there is more. There are four kinds of declarations in XML: element type declarations. CDATA (Unparsed Character data) is text which is not parsed further in an XML document. Hot Network Questions Why is it politically controversial that the President of India referred to herself as the "President of Bharat"? Speed of light postulate in special relativity in inertial vs. Add a comment. In the dvdlibrary. 它使用一系列合法的元素来定义文档的结构。. <!-- html. note. Sorted by: 1. Changed the element names in the DTD to lower-case. 0. DTDs actually predate XML; they are a reduced hand-me-down from SGML with the core syntax almost completely intact. If you have markup such as <name>L&T</name> (that is not enclosed in a CDATA section), then it will be rejected by the parser. DTD uses #PCDATA which is a string data type. Document Type Definitions (DTDs) A way to specify the structure of XML documents. To achieve what you want to do is commonly done with an attribute. The two mappings can optionally be combined for a direct DTD-to-database mapping, as is done in most software today. You have bon as the root element in the doctype declaration, but it's not declared anywhere. DTD - XML Building Blocks Previous Next The main building blocks of both XML and HTML documents are elements. #PCDATA must be the first choice and the set must be allowed to repeat 0-infinity times, i. A sintaxe do DTD é interno, como mostrado a seguir: 6. Sorted by: 1. Declaração Final - e, por fim, a declaração do DTD é fechada através de um suporte e. Since they will all simply contain text, we can use a very simple element declaration: <!ELEMENT airline (#PCDATA)>. A DTD is a set of rules that constitute a grammar (also called schema) that defines the so-called XML application also called XML vocabular. 0. Khai báo Element – Tag và Attributes. asked Jan 6, 2019 at 7:02. dtd 教程 dtd（文档类型定义）的作用是定义 xml 文档的合法构建模块。 dtd 可被成行地声明于 xml 文档中，也可作为一个外部引用。 现在开始学习dtd! dtd 新闻实例 <!doctype newspaper [ <!element newspaper (article+)> <!element article (headline,byline,lead,. En DTD, le contenu texte d'un élément est noté #PCDATA et est entièrement libre. xml val -. Tags inside the text will be treated as markup. PCDATA is the text that is not markup. PCDATA must be defined first!!The problem isn't with the attribute declaration. Problem preventing your XML document from being valid: The A2 plant has to have at least one climate child element. It must conform to the EBNF for " Name ". dtd. DTDs check vocabulary and validity of the structure of XML documents against grammatical rules of appropriate XML language. As per your created DTD you have only one child element student under root element students. The DTD specification file can be used to validate documents. The DTD is NOT complete and would have incomplete elements for sure. 2. 通过 dtd 验证的xml是“合法”的 xml。 形式良好的 XML 文档 “形式良好”的 XML 文档拥有正确的语法。 在前面的章节描述的语法规则： XML 文档必须有一个根元素 XML元素都必须有一个关闭标签 XML 标签对大小写敏感 XML 元素必须被正确的嵌套 XML 属性值必须加引号. If you think they are, just write YES. Sorted by: 2. That means that I have to parse and analyze in Java the DTD file. Yes and you are very close with your example. Declare the rating element as empty, with an attribute to be selected among a value in a list like so: <!ELEMENT rating EMPTY> <!ATTLIST rating rank (0|1|2|3|4|5) #REQUIRED >. In order to validate your XML and DTD you just need to setValidating: DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory. In the internal subset of DTD, references to parameter entities are not allowed within markup declarations. The only allowed form for elements with mixed content is (#PCDATA | A | B | C)* where A, B and C are possible child elements. Contains two letters, written in uppercase. The other parser I'm using (libxml) has a neat parameter for this (a simple 'nonet' flag that's false or true), but the solution seems to be less obvious in Xerces-C (which I'm using for XSD and DTD validation). The lowest level of definition in a DTD is that something is either CDATA or PCDATA: Character Data, or Parsed Character Data. PCDATA stands for Parsed Character data. !ELEMENT is mapped to an XML Node: <!ELEMENT Name (#PCDATA)>: <Name>Tony Stark</Name>. Learn more about TeamsSo, just to clarify - does "custom DTD" mean "DTD which is independent/different from any DTD which may be specified in the content of the XML file"? – Peter Sep 11, 2011 at 1:561. An XML DTD can be either specified inside the document, or it can be kept in a separate document and then.